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Italian football league system
The Italian football league system is a series of interconnected leagues for football clubs in Italy.
Contents |
Structure
At the top is the Lega Nazionale Professionisti ('Professionals National League', often referred to as 'Lega Calcio'), which has two divisions (Serie A and Serie B).
Below that is the Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico ('Italian League Professional Football', often referred to as 'Lega Pro'), which rules First Division (with two parallel divisions) and Second Division (with three parallel divisions).
Then there is the simply named Serie D, a league of nine parallel divisions (in which the clubs are divided by geographical location) that is organised by the Comitato Interregionale ('Interregional Committee') of the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti ('National Amateur League'). Under them there are five more levels: four of them, Eccellenza, Promozione, Prima Categoria and Seconda Categoria, are organized by regional committees of the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti, the last one, Terza Categoria, by provincial committees.
Current System
| Level | League/Division(s) | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lega Calcio Serie A TIM 20 clubs | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Lega Calcio Serie B TIM 22 clubs | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | Lega Pro Prima Divisione Girone A 18 clubs | Lega Pro Prima Divisione Girone B 18 clubs | |||||||||||||||||
| 4 | Lega Pro Seconda Divisione Girone A 18 clubs | Lega Pro Seconda Divisione Girone B 18 clubs | Lega Pro Seconda Divisione Girone C 18 clubs | ||||||||||||||||
| 5 | LND Serie D Girone A 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone B 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone C 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone D 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone E 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone F 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone G 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone H 18 clubs | LND Serie D Girone I 18 clubs | ||||||||||
| 6 | Eccellenza (28 regional rounds, 16 or 18 clubs each) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 7 | Promozione (53 regional rounds, 16, 17 or 18 clubs each) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 8 | Prima Categoria (many regional rounds) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 9 | Seconda Categoria (many regional rounds) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 10 | Terza Categoria (many provincial rounds) | ||||||||||||||||||
History
The first leagues were started by English emigrants in the 1891s in Italy. The first club was Genoa Cricket and Athletic Club (now Genoa Cricket & Football Club). Initially there were separate leagues for Italians and foreigners, they merged around 1897. In March 1898, the Italian Football Federation (Federazione Italiana Giuoco Calcio , FIGC) was set up in Turin. With four clubs joining - Genoa, FC Torinese, Internazionale di Torino and the Società Ginnastica di Torino (Gymnastic Society of Torino). Other clubs existed but decided not to join. The first league took place on a single day, May 8, 1898 in Torino. The title was won by Genoa.
Genoa were the initial force in Italian football. They won the championship in 1899, 1900, 1902, 1903, and 1904. Following a split at the Gymnastic Society of Torino two clubs were formed - Milan FBC and FBC Juventus, they joined the league in 1900.
The league joined FIFA in 1905 and moved to a league structure, based on regions, in the same year.
After the interruption of World War I, football popularity grew and more and smaller clubs joined. In the summer of 1921, a second association was briefly created in competition with the FIGC. The Confederazione Calcistica Italiana (CCI), emerged from an argument between major and minor clubs over the structure of the national leagues. Hence in 1922 Italy had two champions US Pro Vercelli and US Novese. The two groups eventually re-merged at the end of the season.
The move to a single national league structure occurred in 1929 with initially eighteen teams in the top league. The first winners in 1930 were Internazionale. The national team also won the World Cup in 1934 and 1938.
After World War II the league returned to a regional structure with a north-south divide and a play-off for a single year before returning to a national league. Torino were the first post-war league champions and went on to win four in a row.
However it is Juventus, A.C. Milan and Internazionale that have dominated the league since World War II, winning 54 titles between them.
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